BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The International Association for the Study of Pain recommends revising the definition of pain to "An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or similar to that associated with actual or potential tissue damage." In fact, pain is a personal experience influenced to varying degrees by biological, psychological and social factors.1 The pandemic caused by (SARS-CoV-2) exposed health professionals who were not prepared for the unprecedented challenges. Many focused on ventilators, intensive care beds, but others will remain at the forefront of pain management. The aim of this paper was to present a review of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pain management, in addition to proposing an alternative to the present context, such as telerehabilitation. CONTENTS: This is an integrative review carried out on the databases: LILACS, Scielo, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, PubCovid and databases dedicated to the publication of Preprints on the COVID-19 theme, such as Psyarxiv and Preprint MedRxiv. In this review we intend to highlight the cognitive, emotional and behavioral impairments related to pain during a pandemic caused by COVID-19. CONCLUSION: The pandemic context and social isolation can negatively interfere in the sensitivity responses and in the treatment of pain, either by the increase in pain events in the population, impacted by social and psychological losses or by the interruption of face-to-face care during a pandemic. At this point, we recommend a gradual advance in addressing current treatment today and propose a future roadmap to face challenges that may arise.

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A Associação Internacional para o Estudo da Dor recomendou a revisão da definição de dor para "Uma experiência sensorial e emocional desagradável associada com, ou semelhante àquela associada a dano real ou potencial do tecido”. De fato, a dor é uma experiência pessoal influenciada em vários graus por fatores biológicos, psicológicos e sociais1. A pandemia provocada pela (SARS-CoV-2) expôs profissionais de saúde que não estavam preparados para os desafios sem precedentes. Muitos se concentraram em ventiladores, leitos de terapia intensiva, mas outros permaneceram na vanguarda do tratamento da dor. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar uma revisão sobre o impacto da pandemia por COVID-19 no tratamento da dor, além da proposição de uma alternativa frente ao presente contexto, como a telereabilitação. CONTEÚDO: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados: LILACS, Scielo, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, PubCovid e bases de dados dedicadas a publicação de Preprints sobre a temática COVID-19, como Psyarxiv e Preprint MedRxiv. Na presente revisão pretendemos evidenciar os prejuízos cognitivos, emocionais e comportamentais relacionadas à dor durante a pandemia causada pela COVID-19. CONCLUSÃO: O contexto pandêmico e isolamento social pode interferir negativamente nas respostas de sensibilidade e no tratamento da dor, seja pelo aumento em eventos de dor na população, impactados pelos prejuízos sociais e psicológicos ou pela interrupção do atendimento presencial durante a pandemia. Neste ponto, recomendamos o avanço gradual na abordagem das limitações atuais do tratamento e propomos um roteiro futuro para enfrentar possíveis desafios que possam se apresentar.

Patients and the general public are under insurmountable psychological pressure which may lead to various psychological problems, such as anxiety, fear, depression, and insomnia, causing, consequently, the impaired quality of life. Psychological crisis intervention plays a pivotal role in the overall deployment of health-related quality of life and disease control. A novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARSCoV-2), a pathogen of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has affected several sector activities, including people's health. To enhance infection control methods, appropriate interventions, and public health policies, the present study aims to assess the fear and peri-traumatic stress during the Covid-19 in Brazil. Method: A cross-sectional survey has been conducted from April 12th to 18th using the Peri-Traumatic Distress Scale (CPDI) and the Fear Scale (FCV-19S) aiming to measure the peri-traumatic stress and fear as psychological reactions during the COVID-19 pandemic. For that purpose, an online spreadsheet was used to send the questionnaire and scales to a sample of 1844 participants as a collecting information tool. After the data analysis, the individuals were separated into 4 groups: Group 1 (1232) population without chronic health conditions; group 2 (298) patients with previous psychological suffering, group 3 (229) patients with cardiovascular diseases, group 4 (71) patients with diabetes. For analysis, G1 and were considered control for comparison with groups 2, 3 and 4 in accordance with One-Way Anova followed by Bonferroni test. Results: All the groups showed the CPDI and FCV-19S increased in comparison with the G1 group. Concerning CPDI, the G 3 was increased when compared to G1, G2 and G4. The G3 had the FCV-19S higher in comparison with G1, G2 and G4. The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test showed a statistical difference between the control group in comparison with 2 and 3 groups (Mann-Whitney p< 0.05). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the Brazilian population, with patients with heart disease and hypertension presenting the highest numbers of stress and fear, with numbers comparable and even higher than those who reported previous psychological distress.

Covid-19 pandemic continues to spread exponentially worldwide, especially in America. By mid-June, 2020, Brazil is one of the most affected countries with more than one million cases and up to 50,000 deaths. This study aims to assess the fear and peri-traumatic stress during the Covid-19 pandemics in Brazil, to enhance infection control methods, appropriate interventions, and public health policies. A cross-sectional survey has been conducted from April 12th to 18th using the Peri-Traumatic Distress Scale (CPDI) and the Fear Scale (FCV-19S) aiming to measure the peri-traumatic stress and fear as psychological reactions during the Covid-19 pandemic. For that purpose, an online spreadsheet was used to send the questionnaire and scales to a sample of 1844 participants as a collecting information tool. Both scales showed a correlation factor of (r=0,660). Results highlight significant gender differences as in both scales women’s mean scores are higher showing that it is paramount that women’s voices were represented in policy spaces as socially constructed gender roles place them in a strategic position to enhance multi-level interventions (primary and secondary effects of Covid-19), equitable policies, and new approaches to control the pandemic.

In response to the outbreak of the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), pathogen of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19), several sectors and social activities have been affected, including education. At first, it is explained that educators and students can feel fragile during and after the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Subsequently, it is discussed that their relationship ought to be carefully established given the triggering of psychological and neuropsychiatric effects arising from neural coding and plasticity processes, which result in the formation of positive and negative memories in the short to long term. Finally, it is pointed out that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic generates a need for adequacy and adaptation for the significant attention to students during the re-starting of studies, given that possible disorders of sensory modulation and involvement of limbic brain areas triggered in situations of risk of death, potential or real threat, can happen. It is assumed that at times of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, in addition to preserving life, one of the challenges is the behavioural (re)organisation, which includes habits from the educational context that need to contemplate a scientific perspective, seeking to transform the consequences of the pandemic fear on opportunities to reinforcement of familiar links. In the context of modern rationality, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is also a period to think about the relationship between scientific knowledge and common sense. With this logic, neurosciences can develop a new format for the teaching-learning process, so that educators and students experiencing the pandemic threatening do not manifest psychological distress and secondary consequences. Therefore, education can be considered a central space in decision-making in the face of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In this sense, the urgency of a multidisciplinary strategies development is highlighted, connecting the synergy between neurosciences and education after the COVID-19 pandemic.